Using the right oil in your pressure washer is crucial for keeping both the engine and the pump running smoothly. I’ve found that many pressure washer issues arise from not using the correct oil type or skipping oil changes. Generally, pressure washers require two different types of oil: one for the engine and one for the pump.
Here’s a detailed guide to help you choose the correct oil for your pressure washer’s engine and pump.
1. Engine Oil for Gas-Powered Pressure Washers
If your pressure washer has a gas-powered engine, it’s similar to a small lawn mower or generator, and you’ll use standard engine oil. The most common types are:
- SAE 30 Oil: This is the typical oil recommended for warmer temperatures (above 40°F) and is the most commonly used in pressure washers.
- 10W-30 Oil: Ideal for use in varying temperatures, especially if you’ll be operating the pressure washer in colder climates or where the temperature fluctuates.
Tip: Always check your pressure washer’s owner’s manual for the specific oil type recommended for the engine.
Oil Change Frequency for Engines:
- After the first 5 hours of use (for a new machine).
- Every 50 hours of operation or once per season.
2. Pump Oil for Pressure Washers
The pump is a critical part of the pressure washer, and it requires a different type of oil than the engine. Using the wrong oil can cause significant damage to the pump.
- Non-Detergent Pump Oil (SAE 30): Most pressure washers with axial cam or triplex pumps use non-detergent SAE 30 oil. Non-detergent oils help prevent contaminants from being suspended in the oil, reducing wear on the pump.
- Synthetic Pump Oil: Some manufacturers recommend using synthetic pump oil for better protection and longer intervals between oil changes, especially for heavy-duty or commercial pressure washers.
Tip: Never use motor oil in the pump, as it contains detergents that can damage internal pump components.
Pump Oil Change Frequency:
- Most manufacturers recommend changing the pump oil every 300 hours of use or at least once a year.
3. How to Check and Change Oil in a Pressure Washer
Checking the Oil Level (Engine & Pump):
- Locate the Oil Cap: For the engine, remove the dipstick to check the oil level.
- Check Oil Quality: The oil should be clear or slightly yellow. If it’s dark or contains debris, it’s time for an oil change.
Changing the Oil (Engine & Pump):
- Warm Up the Engine: Run the engine for a few minutes to warm up the oil, making it easier to drain.
- Drain the Oil: For both the engine and the pump, unscrew the oil drain plug and allow the oil to drain completely into a pan.
- Replace the Drain Plug: Once drained, securely replace the drain plug.
- Refill with Fresh Oil: Pour in the recommended oil to the proper level, using the dipstick to ensure you don’t overfill.
4. How Much Oil Does a Pressure Washer Take?
- Engine Oil: Typically, a pressure washer’s engine will take about 0.5 quarts (16 oz) of oil, but this can vary by model. Always check the owner’s manual.
- Pump Oil: Most pressure washer pumps hold about 4-5 oz of oil. Again, refer to your specific model’s manual.
Final Tips
- Use Manufacturer-Recommended Oil: Always follow the manufacturer’s oil recommendations for both the engine and the pump to ensure long-lasting performance.
- Change Oil Regularly: Regular oil changes, especially for the pump, can prevent major failures and extend the life of your pressure washer.
- Avoid Automotive Oils for Pumps: Engine oil is fine for gas-powered engines, but don’t use it for the pump. Use only non-detergent or synthetic pump oil.
Conclusion
For gas-powered pressure washers, use SAE 30 or 10W-30 engine oil for the engine, depending on the climate. For the pump, stick with non-detergent SAE 30 or synthetic pump oil. Proper oil use and regular changes will keep your pressure washer running smoothly and extend the life of both the engine and pump.